Greener and Cleaner Row-Middles: Using Cover Crops for Sustainable Weed Control in Citrus
Posted August 2025
Researchers: Ramdas Kanissery, Miurel Brewer, Davie Kadyampakeni, Sarah Strauss
Contact: Ramdas Kanissery, UF/IFAS SWFREC rkanissery@ufl.edu
Summary:
A multi-year study conducted in two commercial citrus groves in southwest Florida assessed the use of cover crops as a sustainable alternative to conventional vegetation management in citrus row middles. The study compared two cover crop (CC) mixtures: one combining legume and non-legume species, and another with non-legume species only, against a grower standard management (GSM) approach that used mowing and herbicide applications for weed control. Key measurements included cover crop biomass as well as weed density and biomass during both spring and summer/fall planting seasons. Results showed that both CC mixes significantly reduced weed density by 58% to 99% and weed biomass by 95% to 99% compared to the GSM system. These findings highlight the effectiveness of cover crops in suppressing weed growth in citrus row middles. There were no significant differences in weed suppression between the two CC mixes, indicating that growers can select either mix based on seed availability, cost, or other agronomic considerations. However, weed control varied between growing seasons, primarily due to differences in the germination and establishment of the cover crops, emphasizing the importance of optimal planting timing and favorable environmental conditions. Overall, the study demonstrates that cover cropping can serve as an effective and environmentally friendly weed management strategy in Florida citrus groves.
Take Home Message:
- Cover crops reduce weed pressure in citrus row middles, offering a sustainable alternative to mowing and herbicides.
- Legume/non-legume and non-legume-only mixes suppressed weeds equally, offering growers flexibility in CC mix choice.
- Successful weed control requires good CC establishment; proper planting time and favorable weather are key factors.
